Sitting under the lamp, thinking this to be compiled as Lu Xun and his polemics perish enemy order of writing the text, but not Zhaobi long time. I know that Lu Xun was made out before his death in the hope that the book, because it is only in such Debate, he felt living in the world.
why a person willing to devote their life in such efforts in the struggle?
I sat with the constructed memory of Lu Xun's writing world, and eyes the first to come was actually Revenge of the story:
...... sad first, the speaker naturally; awhile, the door curtain yixian, she played out. red tunic, long black vest, long hair and fluffy, neck of two paper disk. nutation, Chuishou, winding walk a full platform, insiders say: This is taking a wear a red shirt as she cast bind ....... the occasion, ready for the devils to revenge, the red are more yang, easy, and strangers close to ......< br> in the quiet silence Lu Xun's line drawing live in front of me now. I seemed to see she wore hair back flick: a round face as white as lime, dark eyebrows, dark eyes, scarlet lips, and then is raise the shoulders slightly, look around, listen to, like panic, like joy, like anger, finally issued a sad voice. perseverance as Yuangui, death and revenge finally linked, even to the grave, still wearing a red tunic and refused to let go students with the enemy.
how much some of these self-described status as Lu Xun was already dying. in writing Smedley benefits for the support of the print anthology Kele's preface, and recorded his will, that one is at the end:
tooth loss with other people's eyes, but against retaliation, people who advocate tolerance, must never and he was close.
Lu Xun believed words.
So we know that Lu Xun as the power of forgiveness and their hack tools, so he will not forgive. However, this is still not enough to explain his view that the modern people near pathological desire and revenge pull off a spell.
refused to fair play for Lu Xun, Lu Xun's mean for the paranoid, for Lu Xun's sub-only human, this decade we talk about is really a lot. such as he finished, the friends and teachers, even though late, lamented , and Lu Xun, had to use such standards. Just a few days before his death, Lu Xun wrote two articles attached to commemorate his former teacher ZHANG, including an unfinished, he would leave behind. He criticized Taiyanxiansheng ; while also revolutionaries appeared previously, but later retreated to the quiet scholar, made with his own hands and by others to help build the wall, and the time cut off. down live in the hearts of the combatants. era, even if like me of Lu Xun's people had been relegated to the quiet scholar. in this quiet behind the illusion, extending said to live forever, and bid farewell to the history of the world. If such a peace will be placed in the Lu Xun era, he was afraid that we should like, Lu Fusheng I imagine when the world's image in:
that great, such as stone, but has been abandoned, and the Decline of the body quivered all round. This little bit of vibration, such as scales, each scale are ups and downs, such as boiling water on the fire; air also immediate with quiver, as if the storm waves of the sea shortage. (Lu Xun's words would someone who is willing to fight a series, this is really unexpected. This is like dust in the tumultuous with the bustling city of night, I remembered a woman hanging her singing, as are some weird. For the hope that these words cultural figures, who nationalist literature, the moral meaning of form or color of home, of course, there are old friends and comrades of the moment, but also unfolding their arguments and attitudes, so that those of us who know that Lu Xun was paranoid, bitter, suspicious the other side. For Lu Xun, for his opponents, for their exposure to the community, this is a fair strike.
it hidden inside the dialectics of the times.
for a preface written by young writers , Lu Xun once lamented that: . ) This is Lu Xun's life, believe that rather than believe in a future life - although he also was enthusiastic proponents of the theory of evolution, but most believe that China's future'd evolutionists.
I can not forget the article has been one of Lu Xun wrote in early 1930, entitled But remember that not only this article. Xun less than thousands of words of this essay is an overview of the history of China's rogue changes. In this article, the Chinese scholar Lu Xun will be attributed to the Man not has been in contact with Liehou Guiqi, ; have quietly near the power, but sage with one of quiet and kind. say thoroughly, but just getting a cheap cold to it - which is said to help with the hack of Lu Xun. Xun who scolded countless lives, many of which not only was his companion, friends, is still worthy of study and cultural figures. We do not have to Lu Xun's words as the sole criterion for determining historical figure because he himself is judged to be in the history of the characters, although I think he's . Xun has always been do not like Forgiveness, prefer the straight, he has long said that his curse may seem Siyuan, in fact, the public enemy. Alas, those debates took place half a century ago has been seen by many as unfortunate is the is concrete, but also the old Chinese history, from ancient hole, the old, ink, Buddha, until the contemporary sage sage. If the paranoid to Lu Xun, the first in Chinese history will say he's paranoid. it secret already point to wear: Comparison of Chinese and Western-style culture is expressed, innovator and conservative who are trying to compare in this relationship as However, the characteristics of Lu Xun's just that he did not simply descriptive compared to the kind of fiction he expressed in the specific context of the cultural point of view should not and can not be simply attributed to the on works of literary history, his passion for folk culture, his praise of the Han and Tang weather, have shown the complexity of his traditional views. Not only that, Lu Xun criticized the traditional, but also those who fiercely criticized the new CD from , domination of the social model from the historical relationship between the phase. For Lu Xun, whether cultural or traditional to sublime, history has not appeared out of the relationship between the dominant culture or tradition; the contrary, culture and tradition is the rule relations based on the legalization. If we are familiar with his early cultural point of view, we will find his unique perspective as concentrate on his observation of European history into the modern: the development of science, the practice of democracy may lead to the same ; objects the characters, ideas, school and the (political, economic, cultural, traditional, external) relationship between power and influence, how their attitudes towards power, their dominance in a particular relationship of the position, and not, as habits of his contemporaries as a simple comparison of Chinese and western-style choice. Western-style description of comparative social change in China provides a cultural basis, and build their own cultural identity in history, but this is not only the historical identity cover a specific historical relationship, but also the reconstruction of the (if not imaginary) cultural relations. Xun has never been the built up areas of the historical prospect, Lu Xun kept asking is: tradition or culture behind the curtain covering something? in Lu Xun seems, modern society continues to produce new forms of oppression and inequality, which also help with the hack in the form of more varied - political, economic and cultural fields, all of this, people also like the modern culture of their ancestors, continue to cover this historical relationship to create a The disclosure of this relationship that in itself is not only out of simple statements of Chinese and Western style contrast, but also contains a general belief in that era - the evolution or progress - the challenge: modern society has not evolved over time, many things not only existed since ancient times, and today even more so. Xun's criticism of the traditional course is intense, but he was not just a critical.
Lu Xun was a paradoxical figure, also has paradoxical thinking.
Lu Xun's world is filled with the dark swelling son, his attitude to pull off the real world is the proof.
However, the dark world of Lu Xun's understanding of the subject, often infiltrate the dark loneliness of us the memory of civilized man. Yes, he was hanging like the general women in red near the Yang, but in order to revenge, the light in his diaphragm. However, the more you close the world, the more they can appreciate the shadow of the world for Lu Xun's significance: it is dark and bright. Xun even greater than the fascination of it, he simply used the world to look upon the world around him .
This is a gentleman who is not with the eyes of the public and filtered world: animals with human faces, nine of the snake, cow foot, bag-like Royal River, headless criminal days, both the United States, such as abnormal Yuangui and Xuan female hanging, there is that white bounder - frown of impermanence, he noodles red lips, black eyebrows, such as paint, are also crying laughing .... .. love, hate, life, death, revenge ...... red, black, white ...... the head with a click sounded hard head, read the white sonorous: even if you royal !Day Carnival, a world of imaginary people, the original, with regenerative capacity of the world.
Lu Xun's world has a profound sense of humor bizarre nature, it's one of the sources, is that section of the village stage, in the civil legends and stories in the vivid colors of the ; Ghost lost its self-discipline, and its moral foundation. In the the state to fall back on. the planned order are incompatible with them. Xun and his opponents in the relationship, but that he created the
our most easily forgotten, than Lu Xun's , reductio ad absurdum, falsification method, dripping sarcasm and curse of the inherent logic of the world torn, and the laughter will be the show to people. 20 to 30 years in the city newspapers, created as Mu Lian Lu Opera that the special world: that by the humor, satire, humor, curse of the eerie world of form, missing only a couple of episodes of the mystery project. However, the same as all the folk carnival, Lu Xun's satirical laughter to our temporary zone beyond the normal life into the world system, into the world to another observation of the dramatic stage, but the world, this stage does not exist in the real world, on the contrary, it is this part of the world, is life itself. Bakhtin in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance carnival found: logic, all forms of parody and comic adaptation, teasing, belittling, profane, Humor-style coronation and deposed. the regeneration and renewal, including the home through the curse of death and regeneration of the enemy in the desire to contain the common world and self-denial. (Bakhtin: Folk Culture ; and appreciate cry and laugh on his face, oral and harmonic language of hard talks. (the rules of this world; when we feel deeply for him to pull off Haiyi, we had forgotten in his hidden behind the woman hanging, uncertain world, the world's human and joy; his heart when we overwhelmed by despair when we lost the regeneration and renewal that contains the meaning of the festive atmosphere of intimacy. We lost our identity does not open into the world of the carnival: We are scholars, civic, moral home, gentleman: We can not understand the language of the civil world, which we eventually lost the understanding of hatred and love, joy and the ability of humor.
Lu Xun's world also implies women hanging, uncertain of what civil society is not the world, that is, For the inner man, complexity and depth of understanding. In this understanding produced a reflection of culture. he experienced pain and guilt, into a deep depression and despair, his temperament into the creation of civil of the world. Xun irrepressible will be suppressed to things in the memory as the moment of things to experience, as well as historical reality and no longer have clear boundaries, in front of people and things seem to just gone but had a long overdue not gone past it. he does not trust the surface of things, the external shape, the total going to pursue the truth hidden behind the veneer of those who sees clearly the essays in the waves of humor, witty, ironic laughter ripped a life mask. Xun reject any form, any range of memory in the power relations and oppression: the oppression of ethnic, class oppression, the oppression of women by men, the elderly on the oppression of youth, knowledge of the oppression, the oppression of the strong over the weak, social oppression of the individual, and so on. Perhaps this book tells readers is: Lu Xun hate everything legitimize these unequal relations of knowledge, preaching, and lies, his life is torn in these ; the words cast of the curtain. However, Lu Xun is not utopian, and not such as leaf Suining, spindle waves that have the illusion of change of the poet. In his remarks on criticism of its opponents, including the their comments on the production of these opponents questioning and analysis of the conditions. Lu Xun hidden in critical for those committed to the cause of human society in the future is not clear a wonderful picture.
, however, that the spirit of the dark memories of the trauma and the formation of distrust: that is always the reality of experience as a passing schemata tragic cycle, but also often lead to a split inside Lu Xun. abnormal sensitivity, but also as his contemporaries were not without reservation immersed in the ideal of a value, but always to their own independent thinking, not without doubt the movement dedicated to the times. , joy, love, life, is all gone, and only an empty, I used to go in exchange for real void there. has been pointed out elsewhere, the real soul-stirring, it is difficult to calm, it is precisely the kind of history that he repeat the tragic experience of a sense of feeling and circulation: the evolution of history is just as if repeated again and again, a cycle consisting of , and the reality - including the movement are engaged in their own - does not seem to mark the progress of history, it touches into a ridiculous cycle. before the millennium, is being done in the era of slavery and stability. , hovering near four, and wish her demise, I personally saw; or cursed her apart from all the destruction, even myself, because I should be cursed.
(In the debate of his paranoid: he saw from his face not only the person, but he faced, he had to bear the history - the famous gate of darkness.
good Takeuchi of Japan was first proposed with regard to The real revolutionaries, but the body entangled in the soldiers who fly and the like. cycle, and always maintain the The real revolution in the object the ultimate revolutionary.
This is Lu Xun's lament that, every time I remember the feel deep shock and grief of bone marrow:
China has always been a hero to a rare defeat, a rare toughness against, few dare to single fierce battle the swordsman, few dare to ask the traitors hanging off crying.
(not self-deception, kind of afraid of failure, afraid of loneliness, forever forever the revolutionary onslaught. For the eternal revolutionaries, they only through the tireless, and perhaps desperate fight to get rid of .
, however, as this world innocent, innocent one, he believes he already embedded in the midst of history, and that he hated this world conspiracy. do not know, now that this is difficult to see real people! have all kinds of jackets, embroidered with all kinds of good tricks: learning, morality, national essence, public opinion, logic, justice, Eastern civilization. such fighters Lu Xun's cultural practices and create a truly revolutionary's image, that image of the penetration of the weight of history and inner hopeless expectations. the revolutionary image of the most fundamental characteristic is: he never put themselves ridicule, criticism, attack objects, as opposed to stand on its own, but the object itself reduced to a part of. As a result, the negative thing is not a local phenomenon in the world, but overall, is inclusive of his rebel . It is a changing world, this revolutionary change is an integral part of the world, which the revolutionaries of the world's attacks, ridicule and criticism include the nature of a reflection.
this image of Lu Xun judge things also constitute a criteria. In an article, Lu Xun comes to many of the gentlemen vision to the advice of the later ones: If not born saints, hero, genius, do not students; write out if not immortal, do not Write ;......is in the research laboratory of a mile - but has not been studied well. In this ever-heaving of the world, this attitude and expression of the eternal nature of this understanding of the world.
knowledge of the Chinese Lu Xun's criticism, mostly due to this the.
not in Lu Xun revolution revolutionary career, he has always been for those people to the revolution as a job alert. He is not the spokesman for a group, he seemed to have been the collective movement of deep doubt. But the real revolution, He is longing for. from the May Fourth period, to 30 years, he was the Russian Revolution and its culture have had great expectations, it is not because of fanaticism, but because he expected the revolution to subvert the inequality is permanent but order. On the other hand, experienced the Revolution, the Second Revolution, Zhang Xun Restoration, Yuan Shikai proclaimed himself emperor, and With the revolution but also believe that filth and blood.
BUILDING lonely new, safe old battlefield. two Yuyi Cu, Netherlands Ji loss alone. This is the status of his own, but also a true portrayal of the times. He can not doubt the revolution No success, but suspect it has created a new world but a guise of old China, and has changed is the corner of the stage child, the same is the old order. This is the Fu, expand in the modern urban jungle Although not conclusive, but enough so that countries unable to fully mobilize all of its leadership means, and only then be effective warfare. versa one by one without exception, the struggle with the political - for all the unequal relationship between the old and new mechanisms of resistance and reproduction.
Lu Xun did not give up through the text to create a basking Critical non-mainstream social forces, and even non-mainstream social collective, He devoted his life to nurturing new cultural forces, ; of left posed by the rule of order, constantly looking for breakthrough opportunities, and ultimately led to the ruler of the world where non-mainstream culture has become dominant or dominant culture.
Lu Xun was not in his preaching, but with his The practice of creating understanding of intellectuals.
knowledge of Lu Xun to see themselves as a member of the class, but it is a rebellious one. he did not consider themselves or on behalf of the future of the next class, not because he believes that knowledge elements is pregnant with guilt that his habits too, not to represent and embody the future of the new social group, is a product of the new historical situation, but by no means been eliminated anachronistic remnants of the social group, or the long-standing history of all the new social relations beyond the Lu Xun on the class nature, especially the class nature of the discussion of literature crucial point is not whether there is human nature, or how the relationship between human nature and class character. Xun has always been concerned about relations of domination and its reproduction mechanism, therefore, he was anxious to point out is rather : In the unequal social relations, the concept of human nature to cover what?
probably should not be forgotten: even in that group, he still tirelessly with the struggle against unequal power relations. In those new > Lu Xun was a distinguished scholar, excellent novelist. but his writing career but neither can scholars, novelists or writers can not be summarized. said, and Lu Xun's academic achievement, learning at home who can not help dancing when I this state. probation filial piety in the name of Cao Cao to kill Jung, Lu Xun saw the relationship between literary and political; many people think that Jin Qiu slow light performance with a Manhattan, He Yan Lu medicine out of whom happens to make comments; Ji Kang, Ji destruction ritual, Lu Xun said they too believed the sake of propriety; recluse Tao Qian is a model for scholars through the ages, but in fact, Lu said he could not exceeding the earth, Lu Xun is so quiet candle hidden hole in the ground, and that he knew the secret, must be humble to know people, so many people by the ancient great injustice. but finally left. He would not put himself and his research woven into an increasingly tight cage of modern society, do not want their social criticism and cultural criticism has been absorbed by the Institute of As beam system, do not want to not only clear in his academic research but also know that people fall into the trap of norms.
he would rather be a 々 Gramsci called concept.
in Lu Xun lifetime to say goodbye to Ah Q There have been times in the discussion. today's society compared to the times in which Lu Xun, the change is profound. So, what this change is the change it?
Lu Xun of age in a time of change and revolution, but also a rapid turbulent times, and now the collapse of the process of modernization was the revolutionary class, so there is no possibility of radical revolution. modern movement is characterized by progressive , the legalization of the way, all aspects of the organization of social life into the Weber said that .
Xun era of knowledge and cultural activities are closely related with the university system, but the intellectuals of that era's ideological activities and maintain close social life and organic links. contemporary culture is one important sign of life, but Lu Xun's style is
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